Submarine torpedo-boat.



PATENTED SEPT. 19, 1905. VJ. J. HARPAIN. y SUBMARINE TORPEDO BOAT.

APPLIOAT'ION FILED FEB..21. 1905..

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No. 800,101. PATENTED SEPT. 19, 1905. J. J. HARPAIN.

SUBMARlNE TORPBDO BOAT.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 21. 1905.

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gnou/Vio@ f PATBNTED sEPT.19,-1905.

l J. LHARPAIN. y sUBMARmE ToRPEDo BOAT..

:APPLICATION FILED PEB-'21. `1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OEEIOE.

JOHN J. HARPAIN, OFTHE UNITED sTATEs NAVY.

i SUBMARINE TonPEDo-BOAT.

Specification' of Letters Patent. i

Patented sept. 19, 1905.

` Application filed February 21, 1905. Serial No. 246,736.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J HARPAIN, acitizen ofthe United States, lserving on board.A the United States ship Mwrblehead, at present -stationed at San Francisco, California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Submarine Torpedo-Boats; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to .which it appertains to make and use the same.

, Myinvention ,relates to improvements in submarine torpedo-boats of that class inwhich the torpedoes are carried outside of the boat and may b e launched when desired by a member of the crew of the boat.

.the same parts are indicated by the same letters and numerals throughout the several views. p

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the boat, parts of the interior being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a front view of the boat and the torpedoes carried thereby. Fig. 3 is a detail showing the means for securing a torpedo'to the side lof the boat.d Figs. 4 and 5 are details showing in side elevation and in rear elevation the hatch-cover in the raised position, it being shown in the closed position in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. '6 is a plan View showing one of the `torpedoes as 4attached to the boat, parts being broken, away. Fig. 7 is a front view, on an enlarged scale, of a part of the torpedo-detaching apparatus shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 shows the -i-nboard levers and ratchet-and-pawl arrangements for detaching two of the torpedoes. Fig. 9 is a side elevation, on lan enlarged scale,showing details of the means for detaining the torpedo and for releasing the same 'when desired. Fig. 10 shows one of the detachable weights attached t'o the bottom of the boat. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the operation of the immersionrudders. Fig. 12 is a plan view of the device shown in Fig. 11, also shown diagrammatically; and Fig. 13 is a diagram showing means for filling and emptying the ballast-tanks.

A represents the hull of the boat.

B represents a guard-rail which projects from the bow of the boat nearly to the stern and is spaced therefrom by suitabletie-rods B', on which tie-rods the immersion-rudders are pivoted, as will be hereinafter described.

The torpedoes D are held in rings C', which rings vare carried by braces C, secured to the guard-rails B, and vthe braces C3, secured to .the hull of the boat. The two rings C' are connected by channel-bars C2, which are made in two parts, hinged together, as at o", so that the outer portions of the ring may swing down, as shown in dotted li-nes at Coin Fig. 3. Projecting into the longitudinal groove c between these channel-bars are lugs d on the top and bottom of the torpedo, and thus these channel-bars and lugs serve to hold the torpedoes and to guide them in launching with their axes parallel to or, if desired, at a predetermined angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the boat. These torpedoes are preferably of thevordinary type, such as the Whitehead, andare provided with suitable propelling power and mechanism and also--with the .well-known Obry gear, (not shown,) which is set in operation by means of a suitable latch 0l see Fig. 1) as the torpedo is launched. This latch also sets the motive power in operation as the torpedo is launched; but thejinternal mechanisms of the torpedo are in no sense a part of my invention and will not be vfurther described, this starting of the Obry gear and of the propelling mechanism of the torpedo being well known in the art.

E represents a drum mounted on the shaft E', which shaft is connected to the spiral springE2 and carries a ratchet-wheel E3, normally controlled by a ratchet-and-pawl arrangement, such as that shown in Fig. 8, in which the upper ratchet-wheel is controlled by the pawl la, the rod 7c', and' the arm lng, which is operated by the hand-lever K. The lower ratchet-wheel is controlled by the pawl lf3, the rod h4, and the hand-lever K. Thus IOO the ratchet-wheel may be released, and the v E is awire rope or chain F, which passes over a pulley 00", which is mounted in the guideway o high enough up to clear the lug d when IIO the torpedo is launched. This rope F is connected to a hook F, which has an armf, which engages part of the tail-frame d of the torpedo. The drum Elias its iianges notched, as at e, to engage the arm L' ot' the bell-crank lever H, which is pivoted at It to one of the channel-bars, and its opposite arm carries the latch L, which projects in front of one of the guide-lugs CZ of the torpedo, and thus this latch holds the torpedo against release in the initial position. The arms /i of the bell-crank lever are held in such a position as to keep the latch 7i in engagement by means or' the notches e and against the action of the springs lf. These springs are normally under tension and hold the latch /L clear of engagement with the lug l when the drum E is rotated to release the torpedo in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 9. The latch /t is bifurcated, as shown in Fig. 7, to permit the passage through the fork thereoll of the wire rope or chain F.

The boat is preferably raised or lowered relative to the surface of the water on an even keel or at any lixed angle relative there-l to instead of by means of the plunging motion now most commonly used with submarine boats. By having' the boat descend or rise on an even keel the torpedoes will always be pointed in approximately the right angle relative to the horizontal plane. This rising or descending on an even keel is secured by means otl the immersion mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 11, and 12, in which M represents a series of immersion-rudders which are pivoted on the braces B', connecting the guard-rails B to the hull of the boat. These rudders are connected by tillers IV to the bars N 2, there being one bar on each side of the boat and three rudders being` shown; but the number of rudders may be increased or decreased at will. These bars are moved by levers M3, which are connected to ropes N, wound on drums O on the shaft O2, which shaft carries the immersionwheel O. These ropes are kept taut by being reve over drums P. Thus it will be seen that by means of a single hand-wheel O all of the immersion-rudders may be operated, and the boat may be caused either to rise or descend always on an even keel. In addition to these immersion-rudders the ordinary divingrudders (not shown) may be used to bring the boat to an even keel, as in the usual way with submarine boats, but this result may also be accomplished by means of the detachable weights Q, which are suspended from removable bolts q, passing through the flanges a in the bottom of the boat, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 10. The trim of the boat may be altered by detaching these weights from forward or aft, as the case may be, or by shifting the position of the same. This can readily be done from time to time when opportunity presents; but, like other adjustments incident to torpedo warfare, it would of course have to be att-ended to at other times than when in action. The trim of the boat may also healtered by means ol? the ballast-tanks, which will be hereinafter described.

The hatch A' at the top ol the boat is normally closed by a cover h, hinged, as at r, and provided with a series of glass plates r', al'- fording an all-around view for the captain or helmsman of the boat. This hatch-cover is also provided with a glass pane or lens r in the upper portion thereof, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, whereby the captain or hehnsman may look forward when the hatch-cover is raised, as would be the case when runningl` awash. Side curtains may also be provided, such as r3, to keep the spray out ot the hatchopening` when running awash, or a complete hood may be substituted for these curtains, it' desired.

In the bottom of the boatl provide suitable ballast-tanks T, which are separated by partitions z? t. In Fig. 13 .l have shown tour ol such tanks, with means for iilling the same by the iniiow of the water el liotation and of emptying the same either by a pump operated bythe motive power ot' the ship or by an auxiliary pump operated by iiasks of compressed air. I have provided this dual arrangement, so that it' the machinery ol the vessel Should get out of order from any cause the boat may be caused to fioat to the surlace by emptying the ballast-tanks by means olan independent source of power. Fig. 1? shows diagrammatically such a means,in which'l represents the ballast-tanks separated into tour compartments by the partitions f1 and t', into each of which projects a suitable pipe for lilling and emptying the same, such as U, U', U2, and U3. Each of these pipes is connected outboard by means ot' the inlet-pipe u. and is connected to a main V by means oli a short pipe u2. The tank may be connected either to the water outboard or to the main V by means of a suitable two-way valve u. The main V is connected at one end to the pump W, which is driven by the eccentric Z from the source of power ofthe boat, and this pump delivers outboard the water drawn trom the tank or tanks through the pipe X past the valve The valve .fr may be closed at the same time with the valve fr by means ol a hand-rod Y, and thus all communication from the main Vto the pump l and from the pipe X to the pump IV may be cut oil when desired. The main V is also connected at its other end to a pump l, which is normally shut oi' from the main V by means ol5 the valve l". This pump 1 delivers water outboard through the pipe 2 and is driven by means ot a suitable cylinder 1, supplied with Huid-pressure from the pipe 3, which receives the same lrom the air-iiasks 4 and pipes 5, which pipes open into the pipe past the valve G. Thus it will be seen that the ballast-tanks may be separately or simultaneously lilled from the outlOO IlO

the same sourceof air-supply may be used to drive the auxiliary pump for emptying the 'ballast-tankaor the compressed air may be 'used'to blow thewater out of one or moreof the ballast-tanks, as is welll known in the art. f

The boat is preferably provided with suit- :able eyes a for convenience in hoisting out -of or .lowerlng lnto the water. .A suitable sight a2 may be provlded for the convenience of the helmsmanfaction or whenever desired. '-'The torpedoes 'are preferablysecured" in place, the weights adjusted, and the boat gottenv ready for'use-` "when out of water, and when lowered into= the water the boat is leveled by means of the,

ballast-tanks and is then ready for action.

It will be obvious thatvarious 'modifica-5 tions might lbe made-in the herein-described apparatus which-could be used without de-fl "parting from thespirit of my invention.

Having thus describedmy'inventiom` what I claim, anddesireftosecure by Letters Patent, `of the United States, is

1. `'In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combi- 'nation with aseries of frames'grouped sym-I metrically on opposite 'sides of andexterior to the boat, and torpedoes mounted in said@ frames, of means for securing-'the torpedoes: in vsaid yframesand forreleasing the-torpedoes. therefrom when "desired, substantiallyas de-1 scribed. 2. In a submarine with a series of frames groupedsymlnetrically for setting themotivefpowerl of the torpedof in operation, substantiallyas described'.

3. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with va-series of lframes made in two, parts and hinged together grouped-symmetrically'onoppositesides ofl and secured tothe exterior of the hull of the boat, torpedoes mounted -in said frames,l means carriedy by said frames for holding the vtorpedoes therein until-released, and means for 'releasing the torpedo, with spring-operated means for 'moving the same in the forward directionl and for starting'the'- vmotive power of the-torpedo, substantially'as described Y f v 4e. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the-combination with a series of framesgroupe'dlsym- -fmetrically on-opposite sides` of. `andl exterior v,

boat, the combination tothe boat,y and 'torpedoes mounted in said frames, of means for securing the torpedoes Y in. said frames and means operated from the interior of the -boat for releasing the torpedoes from said frames when desired, sub- 5. In va submarine boat, the combination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically Vstantially as described.l

on opposite sides of and exterior to the b oat,

and torpedoes mounted in said frames, of means carried by said frames for locking the torpedoes therein, means' operated from the `interior of the boat for Vreleasing each tor- Ypedo when desired, and spring-actuated means also operatedfrom the interior of the boat for lmoving the torpedo forward and for set- The boat is ynormally intended to be hoisted out othe water either on the dock or aboard the shipand to be launched in clearing for ting the motive power o'f the torpedo in operation, substantially asvdescribed.

, 6. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combi- -nation with a series of frames made in two parts and hinged together grouped symmetrically' on opposite sides of andsecured to the uexterior ofl the hull of the boat, torpedoes mounted in said frames, vmeans carried .by said-'frames fo'r holding the torpedoes therein .until released, and means operated from the interior for releasingthe torpedo, with springoperated means .also operated vfrom the in-4 terior of the boat for mov-ing the s ame in the forward direction and for starting the motive 1power ofthe torpedo, substantially as described.

7. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with a seriesof frames grouped sym- '-metrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the boat, and torpedoes Vmounted in said frames, of means for securing thetorpedoes insaid frames and spring-operated means controlled from the interior of the rboat for releasing the torpedoes therefrom when desired, substantially as described.

8. In a-submarine boat, the combination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically onv opposite sides of and exterior'to the boat,

- and torpedoes mounted in said frames, of

meanscarried Vby said frames for locking the torpedoes therein,.means controlled from the vinterior of the boat'forvreleasing each torpedo when desired,and means for moving the torpedo forward and for setting the motive power of the torpedo in operation, substan- -tially as described.

9. In a submarine boat, the combination IIo of the hull of theboat, torpedoes mounted in y said frames, means carried by said frames for -holding'the torpedoy therein until released,

means controlled from the interior o f the boat .f for releasing the torpedo, and means for moving the-torpedo in the forward direction-and for starting the motive power of the torpedo,

substantially'as described. Y

210. In a Vsubmarine boat, the combination with a series of frames made in two parts and hinged together grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and secured to the exterior of the hull of the boat, torpedoes mounted in said frames, means carried by said frames for holding the torpedoes therein until released, and means operated from the interior of the boat for simultaneously releasing the torpedo and for moving the same in the forward direction, with means operated by the forward motion of the torpedo for starting its motive power, substantially as described.

11. In a submarine torpedoboat, the combination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the boat, and torpedoes mounted in said frames, of means for securing the torpedoes in said frames, and means operated from the interior of the boat for simultaneously releasing the torpedo and for moving the same in the forward direction, with means operated by the forward motion of the torpedo for starting its motive power, substantially as described.

12. In a submarine boat, the combination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the boat,

- bination with a series of frames made in two parts and hinged together grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and secured to the exterior of the hull of the boat, torpedoes mounted in said frames, means carried by said frames for holding the torpedoes therein until released, and means operated from the interior of the boat for simultaneously releasing the torpedo and for moving the same in the forward direction, with means operated by the forward motion of the torpedo for starting its motive power, substantially as described.

1-1. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the cornbination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a

a series of immersion rudders pivoted bctween said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, anda lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, substantially as described.

16. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, and a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, with a drum and rope for operating said lever, substantially as described.

17. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with a guard-rail exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders mounted between the hull of the boat and said guardrail, and means operated from the interior of the boat for controlling said immersion-rudders, substantially as described.

18. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion -rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, and means operated from within the boat for simultaneously moving both of said rods and thereby simultaneously operating all of said immersion-rudders, substantially as described.

19. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on thatl side, and a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, substantially as described.

20. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between Said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, ya rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, and a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, with a drum and rope for operating said lever, substantially as described.

2l.` In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterio-r to the hull of the boat, aseries of immersion-rudders pivoted between saidguard-rail and said hull, tillers' for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each vside of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, means operated from withinthe boat for simultaneously moving both of said rods and thereby simultaneously operating all of said immersion-rudders, and

\ means for bringing said boat to an even'keel,y

substantially as described;

22. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull ofthe boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat,

a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between` said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod` on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, anda lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating'both of said rods,'and means for bringing said boat toan even keel, substantially as described.

23. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guard- `rail mounted exterior to the' hull of the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between "saidguard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connectedto all of the tillers on that side, and-a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, with a 4drum and rope for operating said lever, and means for bringing said boat to an even keel, substan- ,tially as described.

24C. In a-submarine torpedo-boat, the combinationwith a guard-rail exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders mount-- ed between the hull of the boat and said guardrail, means operated from the interior-of the boat for controlling said immersion-rudders, -and means for bringing said boat to an even keel,.substantially as described.

25. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the'hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat,

`oat'series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with vtorpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat. a rod on each s ide of the boat connectedto all of the tillers on that side, means operated from with in the boat for simultaneously moving both 'of said rods and thereby7 simultaneously operating all of said immersion-rudders, and means 'for bringing said boat to an even keel, substantially as described. v

'26. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exteriorto the hull of the boat,

of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail land to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, aseries of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to kall 'of the tillers on that side., and-a lever mounted in the interior ofthe boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, and means for bringing said boat to an even keel, substantially as described.

27. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrailmounted exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and lto the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein,-a sefries of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each-side of the boat connected to all of the tillers'on thatside, and a lever mounted in the. interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, with a drum and-'rope for operating said lever, and means for bringing said boat to an even keel, substantially as described.

28. In a submarine vtorpedo-boat, the'combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the-boat,

IOO

a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between IIO bination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each lside ofthe boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, and means for adjusting the trim of said boat both in a fore-andaft direction and athwartships, substantially as described.

30. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull ot' the boat, ot' aguardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers t'or said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all ot' the tillers on that side, a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, with a drum and rope for operating said lever, and means for adjusting the trim of said boat both in a foreand-aft direction and athwartships, substantially as described.

31. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with a guard-rail exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with` torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series et' immersion-rudders mounted between thehull ofthe boat and said guardrail, means operated from the interior of the boat for controlling said immersion-rudders, and means for adjusting the trim of said boat both in a fore-and-at't direction and athwartships, substantially as described.

32. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of aguardrail mounted exterior to the hull ot' the boat. of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side ot the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, means operated from within the boat for simultaneously moving both of said rods and thereby simultaneously operating all of said immersion-rudders, and means for adjusting the trim of said boat in a fore-and-aft direction and athwartships, substantially as described.

33. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat,

of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers Jfor said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side ot' the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, and means for adjusting the trim of said boat in a fore-and-aft direction and athwartships, substantially as described.

34. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat,

of a series of tor pedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull oi the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein` a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers l'or said ruddcrs mounted exterior to the boat. a` rod on each side ol the boat connected to all ot the tillers on that side, a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneousl oporatingboth ot' said rods, with a drum and rope for operating said leverfand means l'or adjusting the trim ol said boat both in a loreand-aft direction and athwartships` substantially as described.

35. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull ot' the boat, oi a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull ol the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between said guard -rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, means operated l'rom within the boat for sin1ulta1f1eously moving` both of said rods and thereby simultaneously operating all ot' said immersion-rudders, and ballast-tanks and detachable \\'eigl1ts ior bringing said boat to an even keel, and trimming same laterally, substantiall,7 as described.

36. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull oi the boat. ol: a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull oi the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between saidguard-rail and said hull, tillers tor said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all ol the tillers on that side, anda lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously operating both of said rods, and ballast-tants and detachable weights for bringing` said boat to an even keel, and trimming same laterally, substantially as described.

37. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull otA the boat, oi a guardrail mounted exterior tothe hull ol the boat, a series of immersion-rudders pi voted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers tor said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod on each side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, and a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simull'aneously operatingl both o'i5 said rods, with a drum and rope foroperating said lever, and ballast-tanks and detachable weights for bringing said boat to an even keel, and trimming same laterally, substantially as described.

38. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the eembination with a guard-rail exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series o1 torpedoframes connected to said guard-rail and to the hull ol the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders mounted between the hull ofthe boat and said guardrail, means operated from the interior oi the boat for controlling said immersion-rmlders,

IOO

' and ballast-'tanks and" detachable weights for bringing said boat to an -even keeLand trimming same laterally, substantially as described.

,39. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the-hull of the boat,A of afguar'drail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat,

of aseries of torpedo-frames connected to saidl guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-ruddersv pivoted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers .for said rudders mounted'exterior -tothe boat, a rod .oneach side of the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, means operated from. I5

within the lboat for simultaneously moving both of said rods and thereby simultaneously operating all of said immersion-rudders, and ballast-tanks and detachableweights for bringing said boat to an even keel, and trimming same laterally, substantially as described.

' 40. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of the boat, of a series of torpedo-frames(connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, vwith torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivoted between l said guard-rail and said hull, tillers for said rudders mountedexterior to the boat, a rod on each side Vof the boat connected to all of the tillers on that side, and a lever mounted in the interior of the boat and simultaneously Voperating both of said rods, and ballast-tanks and detachable weights for bringing said boat to an even keel, and trimming same laterally,

substantially as described. 4

41. In aI submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with the hull of the boat, of a guardrail mounted exterior to the hull of theboat, of a series of torpedo-frames connected to said guard-rail and to the hull of the boat, with torpedoes detachably mounted therein, a series of immersion-rudders pivo'ted between said guard-rail and said hull, tillers Vfor said rudders mounted exterior to the boat, a rod von each side of the boat connected to all of boat, and torpedoes mounted in said frames,

" of bell-crank levers ca rriedv by said frames for locking the torpedoes therein, means operated from the interior of the boat for tripping each of said bell-crank levers and thus releasing each torpedo when desired, and spring-actuated means for moving the torpedo forward, substantially as described.

43. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with a series of frames made `in two i' partsand hinged together secured to the exterior of the` hull of the boat, torpedoes mounted in said frames, of bell-crank levers carried by said frames for locking the torpe- I does therein, means operated from the interior of the boat for tripping each of said bellcrank levers and thus releasing each torpedo when desired, and spring-actuated means for lmoving the torpedo forward, substantially asy described.

44. In a submariney torpedo-boat, the combination with a series of frames mounted exterior to the boat, and torpedoes mounted in said frames, of means for securing thetorpedoes in said frames, and means operated from the interior of the boat for releasing and discharging the torpedoes from said frames whendesired, comprising a' spring-operated drum,

a i ratchet and pawl arrangement normally locking the same, a hand-lever mounted i-n the boat and controlling said ratchet-and-pawl arrangement,a bell-crank lever for releasing the torpedo, automatically operated by said drum;- and a rope wound on said drum and adapted to haul the torpedo forward when released, substantially as described.

45. In a submarine boat, the 'combination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the y boat, and torpedoes mounted in said frames,

ofmeans carried by said frames for locking the torpedoes therein, means operated from y the interior of the boat for releasing each torpedo when desired, and a spring-actuated drum with a rope wound thereon also operated from the interior of the boat for moving the torpedo forward when released, substantially as described. v

46. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the com? bination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically on'opposite sides of and exterior to the boat, and torpedoes mounted in said frames, 'of means for securing the torpedoes roo i in said frames and spring-operatedmeans controlled from the interior of .the boat 4for releasing the torpedoes therefrom when desired, means for starting the torpedo forward, and means automatically operated by the forward motion of the torpedo for starting the motive power of the torpedo, substantially as described.

IIO

47. In a submarine boat, thecombination l` with a series lof frames grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the boat, and torpedoes mounted in said frames, of bell-crank levers carried by said frames for locking the torpedoes therein, means controlled from the interior of the boat for moving` eachof said'bell-crank levers and thus releasing each torpedo when desired, and a spring-impressed rope for starting the torpedo v forward, substantially as described.

48. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the comt bination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the boat and provided with longitudinal guide-grooves, and torpedoes mounted in said frames provided With lugs projecting into said guide-grooves, of means for securing the torpedoes in said frames, and for releasing the torpedoes therefrom when desired, substantially as described.

49. In a submarine boat, the combination with a series of frames grouped symmetrically on opposite sides of and exterior to the boat and provided with longitudinal guidegrooves, and torpedoes mounted in said frames provided With lugs projecting into said guidegrooves, of means carried by said frames for locking the torpedoes therein, means for releasing each torpedo when desired, and springaetuated means for moving the torpedo for- Ward, substantially7 as described.

50. In a submarine torpedo-boat, the combination with a series of frames made in two JOHN J. HARPAIN.

Witnesses:

A. S. SLINGERLAND, T. P. BYRAM. 

